Acetone (2-propanone or dimethyl ketone), is an organic compound with the formula (CH₃)₂CO. It is the simplest and smallest ketone (>C=O). It is a colorless, highly volatile and flammable liquid with a characteristic pungent odour.

Acetone

Names
IUPAC name Acetone
Preferred IUPAC name Propan-2-one
Systematic IUPAC name 2-Propanone
Other names Acetonum Dimethyl ketone Dimethyl carbonyl Ketone propane β-Ketopropane Propanone 2-Propanone Pyroacetic spirit (archaic)
Identifiers
CAS Number	67-64-1 Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
3DMet	B00058
Beilstein Reference	635680
ChEBI	CHEBI:15347 Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL14253 Y
ChemSpider	175 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.602
EC Number	200-662-2
Gmelin Reference	1466
KEGG	D02311 Y
MeSH	Acetone
PubChem CID	180
RTECS number	AL3150000
UNII	1364PS73AF Y
UN number	1090
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID8021482
InChI InChI=1S/C3H6O/c1-3(2)4/h1-2H3 Y Key: CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y InChI=1/C3H6O/c1-3(2)4/h1-2H3 Key: CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYAF
SMILES CC(=O)C
Properties
Chemical formula	C3H6O
Molar mass	58.080 g·mol−1
Appearance	Colourless liquid
Odor	Pungent, irritating, floral, cucumber-like
Density	0.7845 g/cm3 (25 °C)
Melting point	−94.7 °C (−138.5 °F; 178.5 K)
Boiling point	56.05 °C (132.89 °F; 329.20 K)
Solubility in water	Miscible
Solubility	Miscible in benzene, diethyl ether, methanol, chloroform, ethanol
log P	−0.16
Vapor pressure	9.39 kPa (0 °C) 30.6 kPa (25 °C) 374 kPa (100 °C) 2.8 MPa (200 °C)
Acidity (pKa)	19.16 (H2O) 26.5 (DMSO)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−33.78·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	1.3588 (VD = 54.46)
Viscosity	0.295 mPa·s (25 °C)
Structure
Coordination geometry	Trigonal planar at C2
Molecular shape	Dihedral at C2
Dipole moment	2.91 D
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C)	125.45 J/(mol·K)
Std molar entropy (S⦵298)	200.4 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298)	(−250.03) – (−248.77) kJ/mol
Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298)	−1.772 MJ/mol
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Mildly toxic
GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H225, H302, H319, H336, H373
Precautionary statements	P210, P235, P260, P305+P351+P338
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	1 3 0
Flash point	−20 °C (−4 °F; 253 K)
Autoignition temperature	465 °C (869 °F; 738 K)
Explosive limits	2.6–12.8%
Threshold limit value (TLV)	1185 mg/m3 (TWA), 2375 mg/m3 (STEL)
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	5800 mg/kg (rat, oral) 3000 mg/kg (mouse, oral) 5340 mg/kg (rabbit, oral)
LC50 (median concentration)	20,702 ppm (rat, 8 h)
LCLo (lowest published)	45,455 ppm (mouse, 1 h)
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	1000 ppm (2400 mg/m3)
REL (Recommended)	TWA 250 ppm (590 mg/m3)
IDLH (Immediate danger)	2500 ppm
Related compounds
Related compounds	Butanone Isopropyl alcohol Formaldehyde Urea Carbonic acid
Supplementary data page
Acetone (data page)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Y verify (what is YN ?) Infobox references

Acetone is miscible with water and serves as an important organic solvent in its own right, in industry, home, and laboratory. About 6.7 million tonnes were produced worldwide in 2010, mainly for use as a solvent and production of methyl methacrylate (and from that PMMA) as well as bisphenol A. It is a common building block in organic chemistry. Familiar household uses of acetone are as the active ingredient in nail polish remover and as paint thinner. It has volatile organic compound (VOC) exempt status in the United States.

Acetone is produced and disposed of in the human body through normal metabolic processes. It is normally present in blood and urine. People with diabetic ketoacidosis produce it in larger amounts. Ketogenic diets that increase ketone bodies (acetone, β-hydroxybutyric acid and acetoacetic acid) in the blood are used to counter epileptic attacks in infants and children who suffer from refractory epilepsy.